Los linkers y connectors, también llamados linking words, son palabras o expresiones que se utilizan para enlazar ideas o frases entre sí. Su uso aportará coherencia a tus textos y te ayudará a relacionar ideas.
Info 1: Linking words of contrast
Los linkers of contrast son los que se emplean para oponer ideas, del mismo modo que se usaría but. Algunos de ellos son:
LINKING WORD
MEANING
EXAMPLE
Yet
Aunque
She loves cooking, yet rarely has the time for it
Still
Aun así
Tom is allergic to cats. Still, he has one
Although
Aunque
Although I'm tired, I'll go to the party
Even though
Aunque
Even though it rains, we'll have a picnic
However
Sin embargo
I'm happy in Paris. However, I miss home
Nevertheless
Sin embargo
He's good at Maths. Nevertheless, he failed the exam
Despite
Pese a
Despite being late, he made it before the show ended
In spite of
Pese a
In spite of the storm, the flight took off
On the other hand
Por otro lado
I love lasagna, but on the other hand, I would grow tired of it if I had to eat it everyday
By contrast
Por el contrario
She's so extroverted, she makes us all look boring by contrast
Como ves, normalmente se colocan al principio de una frase o idea, aunque algunos, como on the other hand o by contrast, pueden escribirse también al final, igual que se haría en español con sus equivalentes "por otro lado" y "por el contrario".
Recuerda que: Detrás de in spite of y despite hay que colocar un sustantivo, un gerundio o un pronombre como this o that.
Info 2: Linking words of addition
Los linking words de adición son aquellos que aportan más información. Estos son algunos addition linkers útiles para evitar el abuso de and en los textos:
LINKING WORD
MEANING
EXAMPLE
Also
También
I like reading, but I also enjoy writing
Too
También
She'll go to Rome. She'll visit Florence too
As well
También
I speak French. I know Chinese as well
Besides
Además
I'm too tired to go out tonight; besides, I must finish my essay first
Furthermore
Además
He was upset. Furthermore, he cried a lot
Moreover
Es más
They bought a new car. Moreover, they moved into a bigger house
In addition
Además
She was hungry. In addition, the restaurant was closed
Apart from that
Aparte de
Fast food is unhealthy. Apart from that, it's quite expensive
Recuerda que:este tipo de linkers y connectors se suele ubicar al principio de una oración. Sin embargo, too y as well deben ir siempre al final de una frase. Por otro lado, also se coloca entre un sujeto y un verbo, excepto si se trata del verbo to be, en cuyo caso se sitúa detrás del verbo.
Ejemplos
She works as a teacher, but she also runs a bakery Emma is very shy, although she is also funny
