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Addition and subtraction using the column method

Addition and subtraction using the column method

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Explainer Video

Tutor: Bilal

Summary

Addition and subtraction using the column method

​​In a nutshell

While adding and subtracting numbers with a calculator is indeed very fast and easy, it is still important to know how to add and subtract numbers by hand.



Addition using the column method

To add two or more numbers using the column method, use the following procedure. 


procedure

  1. ​Write the numbers in a column, making sure that the place values are aligned. Draw a line underneath the lowest number.
  2. Starting with the rightmost digit, add the numbers in that place value column. If the numbers add up to 999​ or less, then write it down on the correct column beneath the line. If the numbers add up to 101010​ or more, only write down the unit digit beneath the line. Write the other digit(s) above the next column.
  3. Move onto the next column to the left and repeat, remembering to add any newly added digits that came from the previous column's addition.
  4. Repeat this procedure until the last column has been added. If the last column adds up to more than 999​, then it's fine to write down the whole number.


Example 1

What is 358+294358+294358+294?



​358+294=652‾\underline{358+294=652}358+294=652​​​

​


Subtraction using the column method

Subtracting two numbers using the column method is very similar to addition.


procedure

  1. ​Write the numbers in a column, making sure that the place values are aligned. Draw a line underneath the lowest number.
  2. Start from the rightmost digit. If the top number is bigger than the bottom number, then subtract as normal. If the top number is smaller than the bottom number, then "borrow" a 111 from the number to the left and "give" it to the top number - making it a two digit number. Perform the subtraction as usual.
  3. Move onto the column to the left and repeat the above step, making sure to remember that the number on the top is 111 less than it used to be due to the "borrowing".
  4. Repeat until the last column has been subtracted.


Example 2

What is 358−294358-294358−294?



​358−294=64‾\underline{358-294=64}358−294=64​​​

​​

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Learn with Basics

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Two-step problems with addition and subtraction

Unit 1

Two-step problems with addition and subtraction

Multi-step problems with addition and subtraction

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Multi-step problems with addition and subtraction

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Addition and subtraction using the column method

Unit 3

Addition and subtraction using the column method

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FAQs - Frequently Asked Questions

How do you subtract two numbers using the column method?

Align the numbers, check if the digits in the same column can be subtracted. If not, then "borrow" a 1 from the number to the left and then perform the subtraction.

How do you add two numbers using the column method?

Align the numbers, add the digits in the same column, and carry over any tens digits to the next column to the left if they arise when adding.

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