Home

Maths

Number calculations

Addition and subtraction using the column method

Videos

Summary

Exercises

Select Lesson

Statistics

Qualitative and quantitative data

Representing data: Graphs and charts

Mean, median, mode and range

Frequency tables

Averages from frequency tables

Averages from grouped frequency tables

Scatter graphs

Probability

Calculating probability

Equal and unequal probabilities

Relative frequency

Listing outcomes

Venn diagrams

Trigonometry

Pythagoras’ theorem

Trigonometric ratios: SOH CAH TOA

Finding missing lengths in a triangle

Finding missing angles in a triangle

Drawing shapes

Transformations

Constructions

Constructing triangles

Lines and angles

Types of angles

Angle rules

Interior and exterior angles

Parallel lines

Measures

Area and perimeter: Triangles and quadrilaterals

Area of compound shapes

Volume of prisms

Properties of shapes

Symmetrical shapes and rotational symmetry

Congruent shapes

Similar shapes

Nets and surface area

Shapes

Quadrilaterals: Types and properties

Triangles and regular polygons: Types and properties

Circles: Area and circumference

3D shapes: Identification and properties

Rates of change

Percentage change

Conversion factors

Imperial units

Solving best buy problems

Reading timetables

Maps and scale drawings

Speed: Formula and units

Density: Formula and units

Proportion

Ratio

Other graphs

Interpreting graphs

Solving simultaneous equations using graphs

Quadratic graphs

Travel graphs: Distance-time graphs

Conversion graphs

Straight line graphs

X and Y coordinates

Straight line graphs

Drawing straight line graphs

Finding the gradient

Equation of a straight line: y = mx + c

Drawing a graph of a linear equation

Estimating values using linear graphs

Formulae and equations

Substituting numbers into an expression

Writing and using formulae

Solving equations

Rearranging formulae

Number patterns and sequences

The nth term

Inequalities: Greater than or less than

Simultaneous equations

Algebraic manipulation

Algebraic notation

Algebraic terms

Simplifying algebraic expressions

Multiplying and dividing algebraic expressions

Single brackets: Expanding and factorising

Expanding double brackets: FOIL and multiplication grid

Fractions, decimals and percentages

Converting between fractions, decimals and percentages

Fractions

Fraction operations: Add, subtract, multiply, divide

Percentages

Rounding: Decimal places and significant figures

Rounding errors and estimating

Number calculations

Ordering numbers: Whole numbers and decimals

Addition and subtraction using the column method

Multiplying and dividing by powers of 10

Adding and subtracting decimals

Methods for multiplication and division

Order of operations: BIDMAS

Types of numbers

Understanding place value

Negative numbers: Add, subtract, multiply, divide

Special types of numbers

Multiples, factors and prime factors

Lowest common multiple and highest common factor

Square roots and cube roots

Writing indices and index laws

Standard form

Explainer Video

Tutor: Bilal

Summary

Addition and subtraction using the column method

In a nutshell

While adding and subtracting numbers with a calculator is indeed very fast and easy, it is still important to know how to add and subtract numbers by hand.

Addition using the column method

To add two or more numbers using the column method, use the following procedure.

procedure

Write the numbers in a column, making sure that the place values are aligned. Draw a line underneath the lowest number.
Starting with the rightmost digit, add the numbers in that place value column. If the numbers add up to $9$ or less, then write it down on the correct column beneath the line. If the numbers add up to $10$ or more, only write down the unit digit beneath the line. Write the other digit(s) above the next column.
Move onto the next column to the left and repeat, remembering to add any newly added digits that came from the previous column's addition.
Repeat this procedure until the last column has been added. If the last column adds up to more than $9$ , then it's fine to write down the whole number.

Example 1

What is $358+294$ ?

$\underline{358+294=652}$

Subtraction using the column method

Subtracting two numbers using the column method is very similar to addition.

procedure

Write the numbers in a column, making sure that the place values are aligned. Draw a line underneath the lowest number.
Start from the rightmost digit. If the top number is bigger than the bottom number, then subtract as normal. If the top number is smaller than the bottom number, then "borrow" a $1$ from the number to the left and "give" it to the top number - making it a two digit number. Perform the subtraction as usual.
Move onto the column to the left and repeat the above step, making sure to remember that the number on the top is $1$ less than it used to be due to the "borrowing".
Repeat until the last column has been subtracted.

Example 2

What is $358-294$ ?

$\underline{358-294=64}$

Learn with Basics

Length:

Unit 1

Two-step problems with addition and subtraction

Unit 2

Multi-step problems with addition and subtraction

Jump Ahead

Optional

Unit 3