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Surface area to volume ratio and gas exchange
Cell membrane structure and permeability
Simple and facilitated diffusion
Osmosis and investigating water potential
Active transport and co-transport
Gas exchange in fish, insects, plants and humans
Mammalian circulatory system and blood vessels
Haemoglobin and the Bohr effect
Heart structure and the cardiac cycle
Heart rate regulation and electrocardiograms
Transport in plants - xylem
Transport in plants - phloem
Carbohydrates: types, structure and function
The structure and function of lipids
The structure and function of proteins
Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA
DNA replication
DNA, genes and chromosomes
RNA, protein synthesis and the genetic code
Enzymes: activation energy, properties and structure
Factors affecting enzyme activity
Inorganic ions: iron, hydrogen, sodium and phosphate
The properties and functions of water
Bacterial ribosomes are composed of 30S and 50S subunits. During translation, tRNA molecules bind to the 30S subunit of the ribosome. Tetracycline prevents this from happening. As translation has been interrupted, the polypeptide will no longer be made.
Antibiotics are usually bacteriostatic or bactericidal. Bacteriostatic antibiotics prevent the growth and spread of bacteria, they do not kill them. Whereas bactericidal antibiotics do kill bacteria.
Antibiotics are chemical substances that, in low concentrations, are able to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.
Beta