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Chemistry

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Chapter Overview

Exam Board

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    Practical skillsModern analytical techniques IIOrganic chemistry IIIOrganic chemistry IIKinetics IITransition metalsRedox IIEnergetics IIAcid-base equilibriaEquilibrium IIEquilibrium IKinetics IEnergetics IModern analytical techniques IOrganic chemistry IFormulae, equations and amounts of substancesInorganic chemistry and the periodic tableRedox IBonding and structureAtomic structure and the periodic table

115 Lessons

690 Exercises

Practical skills

See All (6)
The scientific method
The scientific method
Length

Overview

Learning Goals

    Overview
    Learn
    How to plan experiments
    How to plan experiments
    Length

    Overview

    Learning Goals

      Overview
      Learn
      Improving repeatability and reproducibility
      Improving repeatability and reproducibility
      Length

      Overview

      Learning Goals

        Overview
        Learn
        Presenting results using tables and graphs
        Presenting results using tables and graphs
        Length

        Overview

        Learning Goals

          Overview
          Learn
          Analysing results: anomalies and correlation
          Analysing results: anomalies and correlation
          Length

          Overview

          Learning Goals

            Overview
            Learn
            Evaluating experiments
            Evaluating experiments
            Length

            Overview

            Learning Goals

              Overview
              Learn

              Modern analytical techniques II

              See All (4)
              NMR spectroscopy
              NMR spectroscopy
              Length

              Overview

              Learning Goals

                Overview
                Learn
                Proton NMR spectroscopy
                Proton NMR spectroscopy
                Length

                Overview

                Learning Goals

                  Overview
                  Learn
                  Chromatography
                  Chromatography
                  Length

                  Overview

                  Learning Goals

                    Overview
                    Learn
                    Combining analytical techniques
                    Combining analytical techniques
                    Length

                    Overview

                    Learning Goals

                      Overview
                      Learn

                      Organic chemistry III

                      See All (13)
                      Benzene: structure and combustion
                      Benzene: structure and combustion
                      Length

                      Overview

                      Learning Goals

                        Overview
                        Learn
                        Electrophilic substitution
                        Electrophilic substitution
                        Length

                        Overview

                        Learning Goals

                          Overview
                          Learn
                          Friedel-Crafts reactions
                          Friedel-Crafts reactions
                          Length

                          Overview

                          Learning Goals

                            Overview
                            Learn
                            Phenols
                            Phenols
                            Length

                            Overview

                            Learning Goals

                              Overview
                              Learn
                              Aliphatic and aromatic amines
                              Aliphatic and aromatic amines
                              Length

                              Overview

                              Learning Goals

                                Overview
                                Learn
                                Reactions of amines
                                Reactions of amines
                                Length

                                Overview

                                Learning Goals

                                  Overview
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                                  Forming amides
                                  Forming amides
                                  Length

                                  Overview

                                  Learning Goals

                                    Overview
                                    Learn
                                    Condensation polymers
                                    Condensation polymers
                                    Length

                                    Overview

                                    Learning Goals

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                                      Amino acids and zwitterions
                                      Amino acids and zwitterions
                                      Length

                                      Overview

                                      Learning Goals

                                        Overview
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                                        Grignard reagents
                                        Grignard reagents
                                        Length

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                                          Synthetic routes
                                          Synthetic routes
                                          Length

                                          Overview

                                          Learning Goals

                                            Overview
                                            Learn
                                            Practical techniques
                                            Practical techniques
                                            Length

                                            Overview

                                            Learning Goals

                                              Overview
                                              Learn
                                              Percentage composition and combustion analysis
                                              Percentage composition and combustion analysis
                                              Length

                                              Overview

                                              Learning Goals

                                                Overview
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                                                Organic chemistry II

                                                See All (5)
                                                Optical isomers and chirality
                                                Optical isomers and chirality
                                                Length

                                                Overview

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                                                  Overview
                                                  Learn
                                                  Aldehydes and ketones
                                                  Aldehydes and ketones
                                                  Length

                                                  Overview

                                                  Learning Goals

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                                                    Learn
                                                    Carboxylic acids: properties and reactions
                                                    Carboxylic acids: properties and reactions
                                                    Length

                                                    Overview

                                                    Learning Goals

                                                      Overview
                                                      Learn
                                                      Esters: formation, properties and uses
                                                      Esters: formation, properties and uses
                                                      Length

                                                      Overview

                                                      Learning Goals

                                                        Overview
                                                        Learn
                                                        Acyl chlorides: formation and reactions
                                                        Acyl chlorides: formation and reactions
                                                        Length

                                                        Overview

                                                        Learning Goals

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                                                          Kinetics II

                                                          See All (7)
                                                          Measuring rates of reaction
                                                          Measuring rates of reaction
                                                          Length

                                                          Overview

                                                          Learning Goals

                                                            Overview
                                                            Learn
                                                            Determining reaction orders
                                                            Determining reaction orders
                                                            Length

                                                            Overview

                                                            Learning Goals

                                                              Overview
                                                              Learn
                                                              The initial rates method
                                                              The initial rates method
                                                              Length

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                                                                Rate equations and the rate constant
                                                                Rate equations and the rate constant
                                                                Length

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                                                                Learning Goals

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                                                                  Learn
                                                                  The rate determining step
                                                                  The rate determining step
                                                                  Length

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                                                                    Learn
                                                                    Halogenoalkane reaction mechanisms
                                                                    Halogenoalkane reaction mechanisms
                                                                    Length

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                                                                      Learn
                                                                      Activation energy and the Arrhenius equation
                                                                      Activation energy and the Arrhenius equation
                                                                      Length

                                                                      Overview

                                                                      Learning Goals

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                                                                        Transition metals

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                                                                        Transition metals: electron configuration and oxidation number
                                                                        Transition metals: electron configuration and oxidation number
                                                                        Length

                                                                        Overview

                                                                        Learning Goals

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                                                                          Complex ions: formation, shape and isomerism
                                                                          Complex ions: formation, shape and isomerism
                                                                          Length

                                                                          Overview

                                                                          Learning Goals

                                                                            Overview
                                                                            Learn
                                                                            Colours of inorganic ions and complexes
                                                                            Colours of inorganic ions and complexes
                                                                            Length

                                                                            Overview

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                                                                              Overview
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                                                                              Chromium and its reactions
                                                                              Chromium and its reactions
                                                                              Length

                                                                              Overview

                                                                              Learning Goals

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                                                                                Learn
                                                                                Ligand substitution reactions
                                                                                Ligand substitution reactions
                                                                                Length

                                                                                Overview

                                                                                Learning Goals

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                                                                                  Learn
                                                                                  Transition metals as catalysts
                                                                                  Transition metals as catalysts
                                                                                  Length

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                                                                                    Redox II

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                                                                                    Electrochemical cells and redox
                                                                                    Electrochemical cells and redox
                                                                                    Length

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                                                                                      Electrode potentials and calculations
                                                                                      Electrode potentials and calculations
                                                                                      Length

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                                                                                        The electrochemical series
                                                                                        The electrochemical series
                                                                                        Length

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                                                                                          Learn
                                                                                          Energy storage cells and hydrogen fuel cells
                                                                                          Energy storage cells and hydrogen fuel cells
                                                                                          Length

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                                                                                            Redox titrations
                                                                                            Redox titrations
                                                                                            Length

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                                                                                              Energetics II

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                                                                                              Lattice enthalpies and Born-Haber cycles
                                                                                              Lattice enthalpies and Born-Haber cycles
                                                                                              Length

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                                                                                                Polarisation and the Pauling scale
                                                                                                Polarisation and the Pauling scale
                                                                                                Length

                                                                                                Overview

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                                                                                                  Enthalpy change in solution
                                                                                                  Enthalpy change in solution
                                                                                                  Length

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                                                                                                    Entropy and calculating entropy change
                                                                                                    Entropy and calculating entropy change
                                                                                                    Length

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                                                                                                      Gibbs free energy change
                                                                                                      Gibbs free energy change
                                                                                                      Length

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                                                                                                        Acid-base equilibria

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                                                                                                        Acids and bases
                                                                                                        Acids and bases
                                                                                                        Length

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                                                                                                          pH calculations
                                                                                                          pH calculations
                                                                                                          Length

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                                                                                                            The ionic product of water
                                                                                                            The ionic product of water
                                                                                                            Length

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                                                                                                              pH curves and indicators
                                                                                                              pH curves and indicators
                                                                                                              Length

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                                                                                                                Buffer solutions and calculations
                                                                                                                Buffer solutions and calculations
                                                                                                                Length

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                                                                                                                  Equilibrium II

                                                                                                                  The equilibrium constant
                                                                                                                  The equilibrium constant
                                                                                                                  Length

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                                                                                                                    Partial pressure and gas equilibria
                                                                                                                    Partial pressure and gas equilibria
                                                                                                                    Length

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                                                                                                                      Le Chatelier's principle and equilibrium constants
                                                                                                                      Le Chatelier's principle and equilibrium constants
                                                                                                                      Length

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                                                                                                                        Equilibrium I

                                                                                                                        Reversible reactions
                                                                                                                        Reversible reactions
                                                                                                                        Length

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                                                                                                                          Le Chatelier's principle
                                                                                                                          Le Chatelier's principle
                                                                                                                          Length

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                                                                                                                            Kinetics I

                                                                                                                            Collision theory and rates of reaction
                                                                                                                            Collision theory and rates of reaction
                                                                                                                            Length

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                                                                                                                              Calculating the rate of reaction
                                                                                                                              Calculating the rate of reaction
                                                                                                                              Length

                                                                                                                              Overview

                                                                                                                              Learning Goals

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                                                                                                                                Catalysts and the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
                                                                                                                                Catalysts and the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
                                                                                                                                Length

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                                                                                                                                Learning Goals

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                                                                                                                                  Energetics I

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                                                                                                                                  Enthalpy changes and reaction profiles
                                                                                                                                  Enthalpy changes and reaction profiles
                                                                                                                                  Length

                                                                                                                                  Overview

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                                                                                                                                    Standard enthalpy changes
                                                                                                                                    Standard enthalpy changes
                                                                                                                                    Length

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                                                                                                                                      Hess's Law and enthalpy cycles
                                                                                                                                      Hess's Law and enthalpy cycles
                                                                                                                                      Length

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                                                                                                                                        Calculating bond enthalpies
                                                                                                                                        Calculating bond enthalpies
                                                                                                                                        Length

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                                                                                                                                        Learning Goals

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                                                                                                                                          Modern analytical techniques I

                                                                                                                                          Mass spectrometry
                                                                                                                                          Mass spectrometry
                                                                                                                                          Length

                                                                                                                                          Overview

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                                                                                                                                            IR spectroscopy
                                                                                                                                            IR spectroscopy
                                                                                                                                            Length

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                                                                                                                                              Organic chemistry I

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                                                                                                                                              Basic concepts of organic chemistry
                                                                                                                                              Basic concepts of organic chemistry
                                                                                                                                              Length

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                                                                                                                                                Organic reactions and mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                Organic reactions and mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                Length

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                                                                                                                                                  Structural isomerism
                                                                                                                                                  Structural isomerism
                                                                                                                                                  Length

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                                                                                                                                                    Alkanes and free radical substitution
                                                                                                                                                    Alkanes and free radical substitution
                                                                                                                                                    Length

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                                                                                                                                                      Fractional distillation of crude oil
                                                                                                                                                      Fractional distillation of crude oil
                                                                                                                                                      Length

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                                                                                                                                                        Fuels: combustion and emissions
                                                                                                                                                        Fuels: combustion and emissions
                                                                                                                                                        Length

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                                                                                                                                                          Alkenes: bonding and reactivity
                                                                                                                                                          Alkenes: bonding and reactivity
                                                                                                                                                          Length

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                                                                                                                                                            Stereoisomerism
                                                                                                                                                            Stereoisomerism
                                                                                                                                                            Length

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                                                                                                                                                              Reactions of alkenes
                                                                                                                                                              Reactions of alkenes
                                                                                                                                                              Length

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                                                                                                                                                                Addition polymerisation
                                                                                                                                                                Addition polymerisation
                                                                                                                                                                Length

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                                                                                                                                                                  Halogenoalkanes and their reactions
                                                                                                                                                                  Halogenoalkanes and their reactions
                                                                                                                                                                  Length

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                                                                                                                                                                    Alcohol: classification and reactions
                                                                                                                                                                    Alcohol: classification and reactions
                                                                                                                                                                    Length

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                                                                                                                                                                      Oxidation of alcohols
                                                                                                                                                                      Oxidation of alcohols
                                                                                                                                                                      Length

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                                                                                                                                                                        Organic techniques
                                                                                                                                                                        Organic techniques
                                                                                                                                                                        Length

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                                                                                                                                                                          Formulae, equations and amounts of substances

                                                                                                                                                                          See All (7)
                                                                                                                                                                          The mole and Avogadro's constant
                                                                                                                                                                          The mole and Avogadro's constant
                                                                                                                                                                          Length

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                                                                                                                                                                            Calculations involving gases
                                                                                                                                                                            Calculations involving gases
                                                                                                                                                                            Length

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                                                                                                                                                                              Empirical and molecular formulae
                                                                                                                                                                              Empirical and molecular formulae
                                                                                                                                                                              Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                Balancing equations
                                                                                                                                                                                Balancing equations
                                                                                                                                                                                Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                  Acid-base titrations
                                                                                                                                                                                  Acid-base titrations
                                                                                                                                                                                  Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                    Calculating uncertainty and errors
                                                                                                                                                                                    Calculating uncertainty and errors
                                                                                                                                                                                    Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                      Atom economy and percentage yield
                                                                                                                                                                                      Atom economy and percentage yield
                                                                                                                                                                                      Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                        Inorganic chemistry and the periodic table

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                                                                                                                                                                                        Group 2: ionisation energy and properties
                                                                                                                                                                                        Group 2: ionisation energy and properties
                                                                                                                                                                                        Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                          Thermal stability of nitrates and carbonates
                                                                                                                                                                                          Thermal stability of nitrates and carbonates
                                                                                                                                                                                          Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                            Chemical properties of Group 7
                                                                                                                                                                                            Chemical properties of Group 7
                                                                                                                                                                                            Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                              Reactions with halogens
                                                                                                                                                                                              Reactions with halogens
                                                                                                                                                                                              Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                Halide ion reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                                Halide ion reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                                Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                  Testing for ions
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Testing for ions
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                    Redox I

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Calculating oxidation numbers
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Calculating oxidation numbers
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oxidation, reduction and redox reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oxidation, reduction and redox reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                        Bonding and structure

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                                                                                                                                                                                                        Ionic bonding
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Ionic bonding
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                          Covalent bonding
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Covalent bonding
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                            Shapes of molecules
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Shapes of molecules
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                              Giant covalent and metallic structures
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Giant covalent and metallic structures
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                Electronegativity and polarisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Electronegativity and polarisation
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Intermolecular forces: types and examples
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Intermolecular forces: types and examples
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hydrogen bonding
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hydrogen bonding
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Solubility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Solubility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Predicting structures and properties
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Predicting structures and properties
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Atomic structure and the periodic table

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          See All (7)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The atom: history, structure and isotopes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The atom: history, structure and isotopes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Relative masses and mass spectrometry
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Relative masses and mass spectrometry
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Length

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Electronic structure: shells and orbitals
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Electronic structure: shells and orbitals
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Length

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Overview

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Learning Goals

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Overview
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Learn
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Atomic emission spectra
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Atomic emission spectra
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Length

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Overview

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Learning Goals

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Overview
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Learn
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Ionisation energies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Ionisation energies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Length

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Overview

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Learning Goals

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Overview
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Learn
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ionisation energy trends
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ionisation energy trends
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Length

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Overview

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Learning Goals

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Overview
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Learn
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Periodicity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Periodicity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Length

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Overview

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Learning Goals

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Overview
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Popular Chapters in All Year Groups

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Global challenges

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Key concepts

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Chemical reactions

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Atomic structure and the periodic table

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Elements, compounds and mixtures

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Organic chemistry I

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Atomic structure

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Chemistry practicals

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Bonding and structure

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Enthalpy and reaction rates

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The periodic table

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Rates and equilibrium

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aromatic chemistry and carbonyls

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Acids and bases

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