Die indirekte Rede wird verwendet, wenn man etwas wiedergibt, was eine andere Person gesagt hat. Wie auf Deutsch gibt es hier ein paar Regeln, z.B. betreffend der Zeitform, die sich in der indirekten Rede verändern kann. In dieser Zusammenfassung erfährst Du das Wichtigste zur indirekten Rede bzw. „reported speech“ oder „indirect speech“ auf Englisch.
Info 1: Direkte in indirekte Rede umwandeln
Wenn man eine Aussage der direkten Rede in die indirekte umwandelt, verwendet man meist ein „berichtendes Verb“ in der Vergangenheit (z.B. „sie sagte“ = „she said“). Aus diesem Grund muss man bei den meisten Zeitformen der direkten Rede eine passende Vergangenheitsform in der indirekten Rede nehmen.
Zeitform/Verbform
Direkte Rede
Indirekte Rede
Veränderung
PRESENT SIMPLE
Nina: „I am thirsty.“
Nina said (that) she was thirsty.
present simple à
past simple
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Joy: „I ameating.“
Joy said (that) she waseating.
present continuous à
past continuous
PRESENT PERFECT
Mandy: „I havebeen to Europe.“
Mandy said (that) she had been to Europe.
present perfect à
past perfect
PAST SIMPLE
Ralph: „I went to the cinema.”
Ralph said (that) he had gone to the cinema.
past simple à
past perfect
PAST CONTINUOUS
Mike: „I was cooking dinner.“
Mike said (that) he had been cooking dinner.
past continuous à
past perfect continuous
PAST PERFECT
Oscar: „I had already left by then.“
Oscar said (that) he had already left by then.
past perfect à
past perfect
WILL
(FUTURE)
Laura: „I will call you.“
Laura said (that) she would call me.
willà
would
GOING TO (FUTURE)
Joe: „She isgoingto marry me.“
Joe said (that) she was going to marry him.
am/are/is going to à
was/were going to
Zeitform/Verbform
Direkte Rede
Indirekte Rede
Veränderung
would
(modal)
Maya: „I would help you, but I’m busy.“
Maya said (that) she would help me, but she’s busy.”
wouldà
would
can
(modal)
Julie: „I can swim.“
Julie said (that) she could/was able to swim.
canà
could/was able to
could
(modal)
Alex: „I could read when I was five.“
Alex said (that) he could read when he was five.
couldà
could
shall
(Future)
Amy: „I shall come later.“
Amy said (that) she would come later.
shallà
would
shall
(asking)
Zoe: „Shall I bring some cake for you, too?“
Zoe asked if she should bring some cake for me, too.
shallà
should
should
(modal)
Ian: „I should eat healthier.“
Ian said (that) he should eat healthier.
shouldà
should
might
(modal)
Nora: „I might be a little late.“
Nora said (that) she might be a little late.
mightà
might
imperative
„Come here, Max!“
Max wastoldtocome there.
comeà
was told to come
yes/no question
Lily: „Do you want some coffee?“
Lily asked me if I wanted some coffee.
do you ...à
if + (noun clause)
Info 2: Weitere Veränderungen in der indirekten Rede
Neben den Verbformen gibt es noch andere Wörter, die man für die indirekte Rede abändern muss, damit die Aussage dieselbe Bedeutung behält. So zum Beispiel Pronomen, Orts- und Zeitangaben.
Beispiele:
„now“ à at that time; then
„here“ à in New York, Zurich, Paris…; there
„today“àon May 2nd, June 15th; that day
„yesterday“àthe day before; the previous day
„tomorrow“àa day later; the next day; the following day
„in two days“àtwo days later; two days from then
„next week“àa week later; the next week; the following week
„three days ago“àthree days earlier; three days previously; three days before
„last year“àthe preceding year; the previous year; the year before
Erstelle ein Konto, um die Zusammenfassung zu lesen.
Wenn man eine Aussage der direkten Rede in die indirekte umwandelt, verwendet man meist ein „berichtendes Verb“ in der Vergangenheit (z.B. „sie sagte“ = „she said“). Die Zeitform muss in der indirekten Rede angepasst werden.
Wie verändert sich die Zeitform in der indirekten Rede?
In der indirekten Rede geht die Zeitform einen Schritt weiter in die Vergangenheit zurück. Steht das Verb in der direkten Rede z.B. im "past simple", so muss es in der indirekten Rede ins "past perfect" umgewandelt werden.
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